Psychology of Swearing

This website accompanies the Psychology of Swearing talk held on Tuesday 10th November 2020 for the Universit of Glasgow Psychology Society.

Reading list

If you would like more information about anything presented in this talk, I recommend the following sources:

Books

  • Benjamin Bergen – What the F: What Swearing Reveals About Our Language, Our Brains, and Ourselves. Amazon link.
  • Steven Pinker - The Stuff of Thought. Amazon link.
  • Emma Byrne - Swearing is Good For You. Amazon link.

Websites

https://stronglang.wordpress.com/
https://twitter.com/stronglang

Journal papers

Feldman, G., Lian, H., Kosinski, M., & Stillwell, D. (2017) Frankly, we do give a damn: The relationship between profanity and honesty. Social Psychological and Personality Science

Harris, C. L., Aycicegi, A., & Gleason, J. B. (2003). Taboo words and reprimands elicit greater autonomic reactivity in a first language than in a second language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 24(04), 561-579.

Jay, T. (2009). The utility and ubiquity of taboo words. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 153-161.

Jay, T., & Janschewitz, K. (2008). The pragmatics of swearing. Journal of Politeness Research. Language, Behaviour, Culture, 4(2), 267-288.

Jay, K. L., & Jay, T. B. (2013). A child’s garden of curses: A gender, historical, and age-related evaluation of the taboo lexicon. The American Journal of Psychology, 126(4), 459-475.

Jay, K. L., & Jay, T. B. (2015). Taboo word fluency and knowledge of slurs and general pejoratives: deconstructing the poverty-of-vocabulary myth. Language Sciences, 52, 251-259.

Mackay, D. G., Shafto, M., Taylor, J. K., Marian, D. E., Abrams, L., & Dyer, J. R. (2004). Relations between emotion, memory, and attention: Evidence from taboo Stroop, lexical decision, and immediate memory tasks. Memory & Cognition, 32(3), 474-488.

Stephens, R., Atkins, J., & Kingston, A. (2009). Swearing as a response to pain. Neuroreport, 20(12), 1056-1060.

Van Lancker, D., & Cummings, J. L. (1999). Expletives: Neurolinguistic and neurobehavioral perspectives on swearing. Brain research reviews, 31(1), 83-104.

Relationship between age and vocabulary

The correlation between age and animals is r = -0.14, p = 0.43.

The correlation between age and swears is r = -0.13, p = 0.43.

The correlation between swears and animals is r = 0.47, p = 0.

Vocabulary scores by gender

General fluency

gender average_score
Man 15.20
Woman 18.21
Nonbinary 22.00
Other 15.00


Swearing

gender average_score
Man 9.60
Woman 9.56
Nonbinary 15.50
Other 9.00


Most frequent swear words

Word cloud

Most frequent words by gender

Word cloud - men

Word cloud - women

Word cloud - non-binary

Emily Nordmann
Emily Nordmann
Senior Lecturer in Psychology

I am a teaching-focused Senior lecturer and conduct research into the relationship between learning, student engagement, and technology.

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